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Peepal Tree (Ficus religiosa)
Botanical Features & Nature
- Scientific Name: Ficus religiosa
- Common Names: Peepal Tree, Sacred Fig, Bodhi Tree, Ashvattha
- Family: Moraceae
- Origin: Native to the Indian subcontinent and Indochina
- Growth Habit: Large deciduous or semi-evergreen tree, reaching up to 30 meters in height
- Foliage: Distinctive heart-shaped leaves with extended drip tips
- Fruits: Small figs that turn from green to purple upon ripening
Care & Cultivation
- Sunlight: Thrives in full sunlight; requires at least 6 hours of direct sun daily
- Soil: Prefers well-drained, loamy soil with a pH below 7; avoid compacted soils
- Watering: Water when the top inch of the soil feels dry; ensure good drainage to avoid root rot
- Temperature: Optimal growth between 13°C to 35°C; growth slows below 10°C
- Humidity: Prefers moderate humidity levels between 40% to 80%
- Fertilization: Apply organic fertilizer every 2-4 weeks during the growing season; avoid fertilizing in winter
- Pruning: Prune to shape and remove dead or diseased branches; best done in early spring
- Propagation: Propagated through seeds or stem cuttings; ensure proper humidity for successful rooting
Religious and Cultural Significance
- Hinduism: The Peepal tree is considered sacred and is associated with the trinity of Brahma, Vishnu, and Shiva. It is believed to be the abode of Lord Vishnu, and worshipping the tree is thought to bring prosperity and remove sins.
- Buddhism: Gautama Buddha attained enlightenment under a Peepal tree in Bodh Gaya, making it a symbol of enlightenment and spiritual awakening.
- Jainism: The tree is revered and often associated with spiritual practices and meditation.
- Cultural Practices: People often tie sacred threads around its trunk, perform circumambulation (pradakshina), and offer prayers to seek blessings and protection.
Medicinal and Environmental Benefits
- Medicinal Uses: In Ayurveda, various parts of the Peepal tree are used to treat ailments such as asthma, diabetes, diarrhea, epilepsy, gastric problems, and skin diseases.
- Air Purification: The Peepal tree is known for its ability to produce oxygen even at night, improving air quality and reducing pollution.
- Biodiversity Support: Provides habitat and food for various birds, insects, and small animals, contributing to ecological balance.
- Soil Conservation: Its extensive root system helps prevent soil erosion and maintains soil fertility.
Advantages of Planting Peepal Tree
- Low Maintenance: Once established, it requires minimal care and is drought-tolerant.
- Longevity: Known for its long lifespan, often living for several centuries.
- Ecological Benefits: Enhances biodiversity, purifies air, and conserves soil.
- Spiritual Significance: Offers a serene environment conducive to meditation and spiritual practices.